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HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
USA
Malaysia
Indices
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Overall Score:
69 out of 100
Rank:
24 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
1 out of 141
Open Budget 2023
Overall Score:
69 out of 100
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,70 out of 1
Rank:
26 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
83 out of 150
Rank:
77 out of 140
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
8,81 out of 10
Rank:
6 out of 119
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Overall Score:
50 out of 100
Rank:
57 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
39 out of 141
Open Budget 2023
Overall Score:
48 out of 100
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,57 out of 1
Rank:
55 out of 142
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
6,86 out of 10
Rank:
47 out of 119
International Cooperation
UN
GRECO
OECD
G20
APEC
FATF
OAS
UN
APEC
FATF
USA
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2006.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
Group of States against Corruption (GRECO)
  • GRECO’s member since 2000.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption is not ratified.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption is not ratified. 
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here. 
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
  • The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions was ratified in 1998.
  • The country is undergoing Phase 4 evaluation of the implementation of the Convention. The report is available here.
Group of Twenty (G20)
  • G20 Presidency in 2008 (Washington) and in 2009 (Pittsburg).
  • The documents adopted under the US Presidency are available here (Washington) and here (Pittsburg).
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
  • APEC’s member since 1989.
Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
  • Member of the FATF since 1990.
  • Evaluation Report on compliance with the FATF recommendations is available here.
Organization of American States (OAS)
  • The Inter-American Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2000.
Malaysia
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2008.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The country report is available here.
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
  • APEC’s member since 1989.
Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
  • Member of the FATF since 2016.
  • Evaluation Report on compliance with the FATF recommendations is available here.
International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA)
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2011.
Main Legislation
USA

  1. 18 US Code: Chapter 11 - Bribery, Graft, and Conflicts of Interest, (English);

  2. 18 US Code: Chapter 31 – Embezzlement and theft, Section 666 – Theft or bribery concerning programs receiving Federal funds, (English);

  3. 5 US Code Appendix: Ethics in Government Act of 1978, (English);

  4. 5 Code of Federal Regulations: Chapter XVI – Office of Government Ethics, (English);

  5. 15 US Code, Anti-Bribery and Books and Records Provisions of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, (English);

  6. 18 US Сode: Chapter 96 - Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations, (English);

  7. Section 5101 - Prohibition of Demand for Bribe, National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024, (English).

Malaysia

  1. Penal Code: Articles 161-165, 213-215, (Malay), (English);

  2. Act 5: Election Offences Act 1954: Part III, (Malay);

  3. Act 694: Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission Act 2009, (Malay), (English);

  4. Act 711: Whistleblower Protection Act 2010, (Malay), (English).

Anti-Corruption Bodies
USA

  1. Department of Justice, (English);

  2. Securities and Exchange Commission, (English);

  3. Office of Government Ethics, (English);

  4. Interagency Ethics Council, (no official website);

  5. Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency, (English).

Malaysia

  1. Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission, (English).

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