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HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Spain
Philippines
Indices
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Overall Score:
60 out of 100
Rank:
36 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
29 out of 141
Open Budget 2023
Overall Score:
54 out of 100
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,72 out of 1
Rank:
24 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
73 out of 150
Rank:
96 out of 140
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
7,72 out of 10
Rank:
24 out of 119
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Overall Score:
34 out of 100
Rank:
115 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
72 out of 141
Open Budget 2023
Overall Score:
75 out of 100
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,46 out of 1
Rank:
100 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
46 out of 150
Rank:
134 out of 140
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
6,03 out of 10
Rank:
63 out of 119
International Cooperation
UN
GRECO
OECD
FATF
UN
APEC
Spain
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2006.
  • The review under the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The country report is available here.
Group of States against Corruption (GRECO)
  • GRECO’s member since 1999.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2010.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2009.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
  • The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions was ratified in 2000.
  • The country is undergoing Phase 4 evaluation of the implementation of the Convention. The report is available here.
Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
  • Member of the FATF since 1990.
  • Evaluation Report on compliance with the FATF recommendations is available here.
International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA)
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2011.
Philippines
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2006.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The country report is available here.
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
  • APEC’s member since 1989.
International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA)
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2011.
Main Legislation
Spain

  1. Criminal Code: Articles 419-431, 439, 441, 442, Title XIII, Chapter XI, Section 4 – Corruption in Business, Articles 31bis-31quinquies
    (Codigo Penal: Artículos 419-431, 439, 441, 442, Titulo XIII, Сapítulo XI, Sección 4 – Delitos de corrupción en los negocios, Artículos 31bis-31quinquies​), (Spanish);

  2. Law on Civil Service
    (Ley articulada de Funcionarios Civiles del Estado), (Spanish);

  3. Organic Law of December 26, 1984 No. 53/1984 «On Restrictions on Part-Time Work on Civil Servants»
    (Ley Orgánica 53/84, de 26 de diciembre, de Incompatibilidades del personal al servicio de las Administraciones Públicas), (Spanish);

  4. Law of March 30, 2015 «On the Duties of Persons Occupying Highest Positions in Public Administration»
    (Ley 3/2015, de 30 de marzo, reguladora del ejercicio del alto cargo de la Administración General del Estado), (Spanish);

  5. Law of February 20, 2023 «On the Protection of Persons Who Report Regulatory Offences and the Fight against Corruption»
    (Ley 2/2023, de 20 de febrero, reguladora de la protección de las personas que informen sobre infracciones normativas y de lucha contra la corrupción), (Spanish).

Philippines

  1. Revised Penal Code: Articles 185, 210-213, 216, (English);

  2. Republic Act No. 3019 of August 17, 1960 «Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act», (English);

  3. Republic Act No. 6713 of February 20, 1989 «Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees», (English);

  4. Republic Act No. 7080 of July 12, 1991 «An Act Defining and Penalizing the Crime of Plunder», (English);

  5. Republic Act No. 9485 of June 2, 2007 «Anti-Red Tape Act», (English);

  6. Presidential Decree No. 46 of November 10, 1972 Making It Punishable for Public Officials and Employees to Receive, and for Private Persons to Give, Gifts on Any Occasion, Including Christmas, (English).

Anti-Corruption Bodies
Spain

  1. Special Prosecutor’s Office for Countering Corruption and Organized Crime
    (Fiscalía Especial contra la Corrupción y el Crimen Organizado), (Spanish);

  2. Office for Conflicts of Interest
    (Oficina de Conflictos de Intereses), (Spanish).

Philippines

  1. Presidential Anti-Corruption Commission, (English);

  2. Department of Justice, (English);

  3. Office of the Ombudsman, (English);

  4. Philippine National Police (English).

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