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HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Malta
Mexico
Indices
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Overall Score:
51 out of 100
Rank:
55 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
38 out of 141
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,68 out of 1
Rank:
30 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
78 out of 150
Rank:
83 out of 140
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
7,26 out of 10
Rank:
38 out of 119
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Overall Score:
31 out of 100
Rank:
126 out of 180
Capacity to Combat Corruption Index 2023
Overall Score:
3,87 out of 10
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
82 out of 141
Open Budget 2023
Overall Score:
80 out of 100
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,42 out of 1
Rank:
116 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
136 out of 150
Rank:
2 out of 140
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
6,56 out of 10
Rank:
51 out of 119
International Cooperation
UN
GRECO
UN
OECD
G20
APEC
FATF
OAS
Malta
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2008.
  • The review under the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The country report is available here.
Group of States against Corruption (GRECO)
  • GRECO’s member since 2001.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2003.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2004.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
Mexico
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2004.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
  • The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions was ratified in 1999.
  • The country is undergoing Phase 4 evaluation of the implementation of the Convention. The report is available here.

Group of Twenty (G20)
  • G20 Presidency in 2012.
  • The documents adopted under Mexico’s Presidency are available here.
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
  • APEC’s member since 1993.
Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
  • Member of the FATF since 2000.
  • Evaluation Report on compliance with the FATF recommendations is available here.
Organization of American States (OAS)
  • The Inter-American Convention against Corruption was ratified in 1997.
Main Legislation
Malta

  1. Criminal Code: Articles 115-121A, 121C, 121D, 124-126, (Maltese/English);

  2. Permanent Commission Against Corruption Act 1988, (Maltese/English);

  3. Public Administration Act 2019, along with Code of Ethics, (Maltese/English);

  4. Protection of the Whistleblower Act 2013, (Maltese/English);

  5. Code of Principles of Good Corporate Governance for Listed Entities, (English).

 
Mexico

  1. Federal Criminal Code: Article 11bis – Corporate criminal responsibility, Articles 212, 215, 217-217quáter, 218, 220-222bis, 224
    (Código Penal Federal: Artículo 11bis - Responsabilidad corporativa, Artículos 212, 215, 217-217quáter, 218, 220-222bis, 224), (Spanish);

  2. General Law «On Administrative Liability»
    (Ley General de Responsabilidades Administrativas), (Spanish);

  3. General Law «On National Anticorruption System»
    (Ley General del Sistema Nacional Anticorrupción), (Spanish);

  4. Law «On Confiscation of Illegally Acquired Assets»
    (Ley Nacional de Extinción de Dominio), (Spanish);

  5. Decree of May 27, 2015 amending, adding and repealing certain provisions of the Constitution of the United Mexican States in the area of combating corruption
    (Decreto por el que se reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia de combate a la corrupción), (Spanish);

  6. Decree of July 18, 2016 amending, adding and repealing certain provisions of the Federal Criminal Code in the area of combating corruption
    (Decreto por el que se reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones del Código Penal Federal en Materia de Combate a la Corrupción.), (Spanish);

  7. Agreement aimed at establishing a Code of ethics for public officials, rules of integrity for fulfilling public functions and general guiding principles for promoting integrity of civil servants and their ethical behaviour through the Committees on Ethics and on the Prevention of Conflicts of Interest
    (Acuerdo que tiene por objeto emitir el Código de Ética de los servidores públicos del Gobierno Federal, las Reglas de Integridad para el ejercicio de la función pública, y los Lineamientos generales para propiciar la integridad de los servidores públicos y para implementar acciones permanentes que favorezcan su comportamiento ético, a través de los Comités de Ética y de Prevención de Conflictos de Interés), (Spanish).

Anti-Corruption Bodies
Malta

  1. Permanent Commission against Corruption of Malta, (Maltese/English).

Mexico

  1. National Anti-Corruption System of Mexico
    (Sistema Nacional Anticorrupción), (Spanish);

  2. Superior Audit Office of the Federation
    (Auditoría Superior de la Federación), (Spanish);

  3. Unit for Transparency and International Cooperation Policies
    Unidad de Políticas de Transparencia y Cooperación Internacional), (Spanish);

  4. National Institute for Transparency, Access to Information and Protection of Personal Data
    (Instituto Nacional de Transparencia, Acceso a la Información y Protección de Datos Personales), (Spanish).

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