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HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Bulgaria
Japan
Indices
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Overall Score:
45 out of 100
Rank:
67 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
106 out of 141
Open Budget 2023
Overall Score:
79 out of 100
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,56 out of 1
Rank:
59 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
92 out of 150
Rank:
58 out of 140
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
7,11 out of 10
Rank:
41 out of 119
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Overall Score:
73 out of 100
Rank:
16 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
6 out of 141
Open Budget 2023
Overall Score:
63 out of 100
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,79 out of 1
Rank:
14 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
76 out of 150
Rank:
86 out of 140
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
7,65 out of 10
Rank:
27 out of 119
International Cooperation
UN
GRECO
OECD
UN
OECD
G20
APEC
FATF
Bulgaria
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2006.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
Group of States against Corruption (GRECO)
  • GRECO’s member since 1999.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2001.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2000.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
  • The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions was ratified in 1998.
  • The country is undergoing Phase 4 evaluation of the implementation of the Convention. The report is available here.
International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA)
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2011.
Japan
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was accepted in 2017.
  • The review under the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
  • The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions was ratified in 1998.
  • The country is undergoing Phase 4 evaluation of the implementation of the Convention. The report is available here.
Group of Twenty (G20)
  • G20 Presidency in 2019.
  • The documents adopted under Japan’s Presidency are available here.
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
  • APEC’s member since 1989.
Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
  • Member of the FATF since 1990.
  • Evaluation Report on compliance with the FATF recommendations is available here.
Main Legislation
Bulgaria

  1. Criminal Code: Articles 282, 283, 283a, 301-307a
    (Наказателен кодекс: Чл. 282, 283, 283а, 301-307a), (Bulgarian);

  2. Law on Administrative Offenses and Penalties: Chapter 4 – Administrative penalties against legal entities and sole traders
    (Закон за административните нарушения и наказания: Глава четвърта – Административнонаказателни санкции спрямо юридически лица и еднолични търговци), (Bulgarian);

  3. Law on Civil Servants
    (Закона за държавния служител), (Bulgarian);

  4. Law on Forfeiture of Illegally Acquired Assets
    (Закон за отнемане на незаконно придобитото имущество), (Bulgarian);

  5. Law on the Protection of Whistleblowers
    (Закон за защита на лицата, подаващи сигнали или публично оповестяващи информация за нарушения), (Bulgarian);

  6. Law on Combating Corruption
    (Закон за противодействие на корупцията), (Bulgarian);

  7. Code of Conduct for Public Officials
    (Кодекс за поведение на служителите в държавната администрация), (Bulgarian).

Japan

  1. Penal Code: Articles 193, 197-198 
    (明治四十年法律第四十五号 刑法: 記事193, 197-198), (Japanese/English);

  2. National Public Service Act No. 120 of October 21, 1947, along with Code of Ethics
    (国家公務員法 - 昭和二十二年法律第百二十号), (Japanese/English);

  3. Unfair Competition Prevention Act No.47 of May 19, 1993: Article 18 
    (平成五年法律第四十七号 – 不正競争防止法: 論文 18), (Japanese), (English);

  4. National Public Service Ethics Act No. 129 of August 13, 1999
    (国家公務員倫理法 - 平成十一年法律第百二十九号), (Japanese/English);

  5. Whistleblower Protection Act No. 122 of 2004
    (公益通報者保護法 - 平成十六年法律第百二十二号), (Japanese);

  6. National Public Service Ethics Code, Cabinet Order No. 101 of March 28, 2000
    (国家公務員倫理規程), (Japanese).

Anti-Corruption Bodies
Bulgaria
  1. National Council for Anti-Corruption Policy
    (Национален съвет по антикорупционни политики към министерския), (Bulgarian);
  2. Commission for Combating Corruption
    (Комисия за противодействие на корупцията), (Bulgarian);
  3. Commission for Confiscation of Illegall Property
    (Комисия за отнемане на незаконно придобитото имущество), (Bulgarian);
  4. General Directorate for Combating Organized Crime of the Ministries of the Interior
    (Главна дирекция борба с организираната престъпност Министерства на вътрешните работи), (Bulgarian).
Japan

  1. Supreme Public Prosecutor’s Office
    (最高検察庁), (Japanese).

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