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HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Belgium
China
Indices
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2022
Overall Score:
73 out of 100
Rank:
18 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
26 out of 141
The Rule of Law Index 2022
Overall Score:
0,79 out of 1
Rank:
14 out of 140
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
59 out of 150
Rank:
119 out of 135
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
7,78 out of 10
Rank:
25 out of 114
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2022
Overall Score:
45 out of 100
Rank:
65 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
11 out of 141
The Rule of Law Index 2022
Overall Score:
0,47 out of 1
Rank:
95 out of 140
Open Budget 2021
Overall Score:
20 out of 100
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
75 out of 150
Rank:
89 out of 135
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
5,22 out of 10
Rank:
99 out of 116
International Cooperation
UN
GRECO
OECD
FATF
UN
G20
APEC
FATF
BRICS
Belgium
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2008.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The country report is available here.
Group of States against Corruption (GRECO)
  • GRECO’s member since 1999.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2004.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2007.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
  • The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions was ratified in 1999.
  • The country is undergoing Phase 3 evaluation of the implementation of the Convention. The report is available here.
Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
  • Member of the FATF since 1990.
  • Evaluation Report on compliance with the FATF recommendations is available here.
China
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2006.
  • The review under the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
Group of Twenty (G20)
  • G20 Presidency in 2016.
  • The documents adopted under China’s Presidency are available here.
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
  • APEC’s member since 1991.
Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
  • Member of the FATF since 2007.
  • Evaluation Report on compliance with the FATF recommendations is available here.
BRICS
  • BRICS Member since 2009.
  • Holds BRICS Presidency in 2022.
International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA)
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2013.
SCO
Main Legislation
Belgium

1. Criminal Code: Articles 246-250, 504bis, 504ter
(Wetboek van Strafrecht: Art. 246-250, 504bis, 504ter), (Dutch);

2. Law of November 28, 2022 «On the Protection of Whistleblowers Reporting Breaches of Union or National Law Committed by Legal Persons in the Private Sector»
(Wet van 28 november 2022, betreffende de bescherming van melders van inbreuken op het Unie- of nationale recht vastgesteld binnen een juridische entiteit in de private sector), (Dutch);

3. Law of December 8, 2022 «On Disclosure Channels and Whistleblower Protection in the Federal Public Authorities and the Integrated Police»
(Wet van 8 december 2022, betreffende de meldingskanalen en de bescherming van de melders van integriteitsschendingen in de federale overheidsinstanties en bij de geïntegreerde politie), (Dutch);

4. Circular of May 5, 2014 «On the Management of Conflicts of Interest in Public Procurement: "Revolving Door"»
(Omzendbrief 5 mei 2014 - Overheidsopdrachten - Belangenvermenging – Draaideurconstructie), (Dutch);

5. The Code of Ethics for Federal Public Officials
(Deontologisch Kader), (Dutch).

 

China

  1. Criminal Code: Articles 163-166, 169, 382-397, 399, 401-405, 410-414, 418, (Chinese), (English);

  2. Law of the People’s Republic of China against Unfair Competition of September 2, 1993, (English);

  3. Law of the People's Republic of China on Public Servants of April 27, 2005, (Chinese), (English);

  4. Supervision Law of the People’s Republic of China of March 20, 2018, (Chinese), (English);

  5. Law on Graft Busters of August 20, 2021, (Chinese);

  6. Interim Provisions on Banning Commercial Bribery of November 15, 1996, (Chinese).

 
Anti-Corruption Bodies
Belgium
  1. Central Bureau for Countering Corruption, Federal Police of Belgium
    (Office Central pour la Répression de la Corruption), (Dutch/French);
  2. Federal Prosecutor's Office
    (Federaal parket), (Dutch/French).
China

  1. National Supervisory Commission of the People’s Republic of China, (Chinese);

  2. Hong Kong Independent Commission against Corruption, (Chinese), (English);

  3. Commission against Corruption, Macao Special Administrative Region, (Chinese/English).

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