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HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Spain
Hungary
Indices
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2021
Overall Score:
61 out of 100
Rank:
34 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2020
Rank:
66 out of 133
The Rule of Law Index 2021
Overall Score:
0,73 out of 1
Rank:
21 out of 139
Open Budget 2019
Overall Score:
53 out of 100
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
73 out of 150
Rank:
93 out of 136
Index of Public Integrity 2021
Overall Score:
8,14 out of 10
Rank:
24 out of 116
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2021
Overall Score:
43 out of 100
Rank:
73 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2020
Rank:
75 out of 133
The Rule of Law Index 2021
Overall Score:
0,52 out of 1
Rank:
69 out of 139
Open Budget 2019
Overall Score:
45 out of 100
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
87 out of 150
Rank:
63 out of 136
Index of Public Integrity 2021
Overall Score:
7,36 out of 10
Rank:
37 out of 116
International Cooperation
UN
GRECO
OECD
FATF
IACA
UN
GRECO
OECD
IACA
Spain
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2006.
  • The review under the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The country report is available here.
Group of States against Corruption (GRECO)
  • GRECO’s member since 1999.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2010.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2009.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
  • The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions was ratified in 2000.
  • The country is undergoing Phase 3 evaluation of the implementation of the Convention. The report is available here.
Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
  • Member of the FATF since 1990.
  • Evaluation Report on compliance with the FATF recommendations is available here.
International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA)
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2011.
Hungary
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2005.
  • The review under the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
Group of States against Corruption (GRECO)
  • GRECO’s member since 1999.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2001.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2005.
  • The fourth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
  • The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions was ratified in 1998.
  • The country is undergoing Phase 4 evaluation of the implementation of the Convention. The report is available here.
Main Legislation
Spain

  1. Criminal Code: Articles 419-430, 439, 441, 442, Title XIII, Chapter XI, Section 4 – Corruption in Business, Articles 31bis-31 quinquies
    (Codigo Penal: Artículos 419-430, 439, 441, 442, Titulo XIII, Сapítulo XI, Sección 4 – Delitos de corrupción en los negocios, Artículos 31bis-31 quinquies​), (Spanish);

  2. Law on Civil Service, Division III, Chapter VIII
    (Ley articulada de Funcionarios Civiles del Estado: Titulo III, Capitulo VIII), (Spanish);

  3. Organic Law of December 26, 1984 No. 53/1984 «On Restrictions on Civil Servants»
    (Ley Orgánica 53/84, de 26 de diciembre, de Incompatibilidades del personal al servicio de las Administraciones Públicas), (Spanish);

  4. Law of December 9, 2013 No. 19 «On Transparency and Free Access to Information»
    (Ley 19/2013, de 9 de diciembre, de transparencia, acceso a la información pública y buen gobierno), (Spanish);

  5. Law of March 30, 2015 «On the Duties of Persons Occupying Highest Positions in Public Administration»
    (Ley 3/2015, de 30 de marzo, reguladora del ejercicio del alto cargo de la Administración General del Estado), (Spanish).

Hungary

  1. Criminal Code: Articles 290-300A, 305-306
    (2012. évi C. törvénya Büntető Törvénykönyvről: § 290-300A, 305-306), (Hungarian);

  2. Law CIV of December 11, 2001 «On the Criminal Measures against Legal Persons»
    (2001. évi CIV. törvény a jogi személlyel szemben alkalmazható büntetőjogi intézkedésekről), (Hungarian);

  3. Law on Civil Service
    (2011. évi CXCIX. törvény a közszolgálati tisztviselőkről), (Hungarian)

  4. Law on Protection of Whistleblowers and Disclosure of Information in Public Interest
    (2013. évi CLXV. Törvény a panaszokról és a közérdekű bejelentésekről), (Hungarian).

Anti-Corruption Bodies
Spain

  1. Special Prosecutor’s Office for Countering Corruption and Organized Crime
    (Fiscalía Especial contra la Corrupción y el Crimen Organizado), (Spanish)

Hungary

  1. Corruption Prevention Police Department of Hungary
    (Nemzeti Védelmi Szolgálat Korrupciómegelőzési Főosztály), (English), (Hungarian).

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