HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Saudi Arabia
Belgium
Indices
Overall Score:
52 out of 100
Rank:
53 out of 180
Rank:
25 out of 141
Overall Score:
26 out of 100
Overall Score:
60 out of 150
Rank:
121 out of 140
Overall Score:
5,46 out of 10
Rank:
76 out of 119
Overall Score:
73 out of 100
Rank:
16 out of 180
Rank:
26 out of 141
Overall Score:
0,78 out of 1
Rank:
16 out of 142
Overall Score:
59 out of 150
Rank:
121 out of 140
Overall Score:
7,31 out of 10
Rank:
35 out of 119
International Cooperation
UN
G20
FATF
BRICS
UN
GRECO
OECD
FATF
Saudi Arabia
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2013.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The country report is available here.
  • Holds G20 Presidency in 2020.
  • The documents adopted under Saudi Arabia’s Presidency are available here.
  • Member of the FATF since 2019.
  • Evaluation Report on compliance with the FATF recommendations is available here.
  • BRICS Member since 2024.
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2013.
Belgium
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2008.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The country report is available here.
  • GRECO’s member since 1999.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2004.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2007.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
  • The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions was ratified in 1999.
  • The country is undergoing Phase 3 evaluation of the implementation of the Convention. The report is available here.
  • Member of the FATF since 1990.
  • Evaluation Report on compliance with the FATF recommendations is available here.
Main Legislation
Saudi Arabia
  1. Law on Civil Service
    (نظام الخدمة المدنية), (Arabic);

  2. Anti-Bribery Law
    (نظام مكافحة الرشوة), (Arabic);

  3. Law on a System of Protection for Whistleblowers, Witnesses, Experts and Victims
    (نظام حماية المبلغين والشهود والخبراء والضحايا), (Arabic);

  4. Code of Conduct and Public Ethics of the Civil Service, approved by Cabinet Resolution No. 555
    (مدونة قواعد السلوك الوظيفي وأخالقيات الوظيفة العامة), (Arabic);

  5. Policy on Conflict of Interest in Public Tenders and Procurement and its implementing regulations
    (سياسة تعارض المصالح في تطبيق نظام المنافسات والمشتريات الحكومية ولائحته التنفيذية), (Arabic).

Belgium

1. Criminal Code: Articles 246-250, 254-256, 504bis, 504ter
(Wetboek van Strafrecht: Art. 246-250, 254-256, 504bis, 504ter), (Dutch);

2. Law of November 28, 2022 «On the Protection of Whistleblowers Reporting Breaches of Union or National Law Committed by Legal Persons in the Private Sector»
(Wet van 28 november 2022, betreffende de bescherming van melders van inbreuken op het Unie- of nationale recht vastgesteld binnen een juridische entiteit in de private sector), (Dutch);

3. Law of December 8, 2022 «On Disclosure Channels and Whistleblower Protection in the Federal Public Authorities and the Integrated Police»
(Wet van 8 december 2022, betreffende de meldingskanalen en de bescherming van de melders van integriteitsschendingen in de federale overheidsinstanties en bij de geïntegreerde politie), (Dutch);

4. Circular of May 5, 2014 «On the Management of Conflicts of Interest in Public Procurement: "Revolving Door"»
(Omzendbrief 5 mei 2014 - Overheidsopdrachten - Belangenvermenging – Draaideurconstructie), (Dutch);

5. The Code of Ethics for Federal Public Officials
(Deontologisch Kader), (Dutch).

 

Anti-Corruption Bodies
Saudi Arabia
  1. Oversight and Anti-Corruption Authority
    (Nazaha) (English).

 
Belgium
  1. Central Anti-Corruption Bureau
    (Centrale Dienst voor de Bestrijding van Corruptie), (Dutch/French);
  2. Federal Prosecutor's Office
    (Federaal parket), (Dutch/French).

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