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HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Malaysia
Ecuador
Indices
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Overall Score:
50 out of 100
Rank:
57 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
39 out of 141
Open Budget 2023
Overall Score:
48 out of 100
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,57 out of 1
Rank:
55 out of 142
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
6,86 out of 10
Rank:
47 out of 119
Capacity to Combat Corruption Index 2023
Score:
4,68 out of 10
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Score:
34 out of 100
Rank:
115 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
116 out of 141
Open Budget 2023
Overall Score:
48 out of 100
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,47 out of 1
Rank:
96 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
78 out of 150
Rank:
82 out of 140
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
6,33 out of 10
Rank:
58 out of 119
International Cooperation
UN
APEC
FATF
UN
OAS
Malaysia
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2008.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The country report is available here.
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
  • APEC’s member since 1989.
Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
  • Member of the FATF since 2016.
  • Evaluation Report on compliance with the FATF recommendations is available here.
International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA)
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2011.
Ecuador
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2005.
  • The review under the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
Organization of American States (OAS)
  • The Inter-American Convention against Corruption was ratified in 1997.
Main Legislation
Malaysia

  1. Penal Code: Articles 161-165, 213-215, (Malay), (English);

  2. Act 5: Election Offences Act 1954: Part III, (Malay);

  3. Act 694: Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission Act 2009, (Malay), (English);

  4. Act 711: Whistleblower Protection Act 2010, (Malay), (English).

Ecuador
  1. Criminal Code: Article 49 – Liability of Legal Persons, Articles 278-281, 285, 286, 289, 294.1, 297, 320.1
    (Código Orgánico Integral Penal: Artículo 49 –  Responsabilidad de las personas jurídicas, Artículos 278-281, 285, 286, 289, 294.1, 297, 320.1), (Spanish);
  2. Organic Law No. 294 of October 6, 2010 «On Public Service»
    (Ley con número de registro 294 del 6 de Octubre de 2010 «Ley orgánica del servicio público»), (Spanish).
Anti-Corruption Bodies
Malaysia

  1. Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission, (English).

Ecuador
  1. Council of Citizen Participation and Social Control
    (Consejo de Participación Ciudadana y Control Social), (Spanish).

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