HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Greece
Romania
Indices
Overall Score:
49 out of 100
Rank:
59 out of 180
Rank:
99 out of 141
Overall Score:
0,61 out of 1
Rank:
47 out of 142
Overall Score:
64 out of 150
Rank:
113 out of 140
Overall Score:
6,44 out of 10
Rank:
56 out of 119
Overall Score:
46 out of 100
Rank:
63 out of 180
Rank:
62 out of 141
Overall Score:
62 out of 100
Overall Score:
0,63 out of 1
Rank:
40 out of 142
Overall Score:
85 out of 150
Rank:
72 out of 140
Overall Score:
7,09 out of 10
Rank:
42 out of 119
International Cooperation
UN
GRECO
OECD
FATF
UN
GRECO
Greece
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2008.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
  • GRECO’s member since 1999.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2007.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2002.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
  • The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions was ratified in 1999.
  • The country is undergoing Phase 4 evaluation of the implementation of the Convention. The report is available here.
  • Member of the FATF since 1991.
  • Evaluation Report on compliance with the FATF recommendations is available here.
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2014.
Romania
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2004.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
  • GRECO’s member since 1999.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2002.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2002.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2011.
Main Legislation
Greece
  1. Criminal Code: Articles 159, 159a, 235-238, 386, 394-396
    (Ποινικού Κώδικα: Άρθρο 159, 159a, 235-238, 386, 394-396), (Greek);
  2. Law No. 2725 of 1999 «Amateur and Professional Sports and Other Provisions»: Article 132
    (Νόμος v. 2725/1999. Ερασιτεχνικός και επαγγελματικός αθλητισμός και άλλες διατάξεις: Άρθρο 132), (Greek);
  3. Law No. 3213 of 2003 «Declaration and audit of the assets of members of parliament, public officials and servants, mass media owners and other categories of individuals»
    (Νόμος ν. 3213/2003 Δήλωση και έλεγχος περιουσιακής κατάστασης βουλευτών, δημόσιων λειτουργών και υπαλλήλων, ιδιοκτητών μέσων μαζικής ενημέρωσης και άλλων κατηγοριών προσώπων), (Greek);
  4. Law No. 3528 of 2007 «Ratifying the Code of Conduct for Public Administrative Employees»
    (Νόμος ν. 3528/2007 Κύρωση του Κώδικα Κατάστασης Δημοσίων Πολιτικών Διοικητικών Υπαλλήλων και Υπαλλήλων Ν.Π.Δ.Δ.), (Greek);
  5. Law No. 4990 of 2022 «On the Protection of Persons Who Report Breaches of Union Law: Implementation of Directive (EU) 2019/1937 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 November 2019 on the Protection of Persons Who Report Breaches of Union Law, and Other Urgent Decrees»
    (Νόμος ν. 4990/2022 Προστασία προσώπων που αναφέρουν παραβιά σεις ενωσιακού δικαίου Ενσωμάτωση της Οδη γίας (ΕΕ) 2019/1937 του Ευρωπαϊκού Κοινοβουλίου και του Συμβουλίου της 23ης Οκτωβρίου 2019 (L 305) και λοιπές επείγουσες ρυθμίσεις), (Greek);
  6. Law No. 5026 of 2023 «On Asset and Financial Interest Declarations, Measures to Strengthen the European Public Prosecutor's Office and Other Urgent Measures»
    (Υποβολή των δηλώσεων περιουσιακής κατάστασης (πόθεν έσχες) και οικονομικών συμφερόντων Ρυθμίσεις για την ενίσχυση της Ευρωπαϊκής Εισαγγελίας Λοιπές επείγουσες ρυθμίσεις), (Greek).

 

Romania
  1. Criminal Code: Articles 289-294, 301, 307, 308
    (Codul Penal: Art. 289-294, 301, 307, 308), (Romanian);

  2. Law of October 16, 1996 No. 115 «On Declaration of and Control Over the Assets of Officials, Magistrates and Other Persons Occupying Senior Positions»
    (Lege nr.115 din 16 octombrie 1996 pentru declararea şi controlul averii demnitarilor, magistratilor, a unor persoane cu functii de conducere şi de control şi a functionarilor publici), (Romanian);

  3. Law No. 188 of December 8, 1999 «On the Status of Civil Servants»
    (Lege nr.188 din 8 decembrie 1999 privind Statutul funcţionarilor publici), (Romanian);

  4. Law of May 8, 2000 No. 78 «On Prevention, Detection of and Sanctioning for Corruption»
    (Lege nr.78 din 8 mai 2000 pentru prevenirea, descoperirea şi sancţionarea faptelor de corupţie), (Romanian);

  5. Law No. 161 of April 19, 2003 «On Certain Measures for Ensuring Transparency in the Exercise of Public Functions in Business Environment and on the Prevention of and Fight against Corruption»
    (Lege nr.161 din 19 aprilie 2003 privind unele măsuri pentru asigurarea transparenţei în exercitarea demnităţilor publice, a funcţiilor publice şi în mediul de afaceri, prevenirea şi sancţionarea corupţiei), (Romanian);

  6. Law No. 176 of September 1, 2010 «On Integrity in the Exercise of Public Functions, Amendments and Supplements to Law No. 144 of May 21, 2007 Regarding the Establishment and Functioning of the National Integrity Agency, and Amendments and Supplements to other Legal Acts»
    (Lege nr.176 din 1 septembrie 2010 privind integritatea în exercitarea funcţiilor şi demnităţilor publice, pentru modificarea şi completarea Legii nr. 144/2007 privind înfiinţarea, organizarea şi funcţionarea Agenţiei Naţionale de Integritate, precum şi pentru modificarea şi completarea altor acte normative), (Romanian);

  7. Law No. 361 of December 16, 2022 «On the Protection of Whistleblowers in the Public Interest»
    (Lege nr. 361 din 16 decembrie 2022 privind protecția avertizorilor în interes public), (Romanian).

Anti-Corruption Bodies
Greece
  1. Financial Crime Department of the Athens Appellate Prosecutor's Office
    (Τμήμα Οικονομικού Εγκλήματος της Εισαγγελίας Εφετών Αθηνών), (Greek);
  2. Secretariat-General for Countering Corruption, Ministry of Justice, Transparency and Human Rights
    (Εθνική Αρχή Διαφάνειας στο πλαίσιο του Υπουργείου Δικαιοσύνης, Διαφάνειας και Ανθρωπίνων Δικαιωμάτων), (Greek).
Romania
  1. National Agency for Integrity
    (Agentia Nationala de Integritate), (Romanian);

  2. National Anti-Corruption Directorate of the Prosecutors' Office
    (Direcția Națională Anticorupție a Parchetul de pe lângă Înalta Curte de Casație și Justiție), (Romanian/English);

  3. Anti-Corruption General Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
    (Direcția Generală Anticorupție a Ministerul Afacerilor Externe), (Romanian/English);
  4. National Agency of Civil Servants of the Ministry of Regional Development and Public Administration
    (Agenţia Naţională a Funcţionarilor Publici a Ministerul Dezvoltării, Lucrărilor Publice și Administrației), (Romanian/English);

  5. National Agency for the Management of Seized Assets of the Ministry of Justice
    (Agenția Națională de Administrare a Bunurilor Indisponibilizate a Ministerul Justiției), (Romanian/English).

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