HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Colombia
Romania
Indices
Overall Score:
40 out of 100
Rank:
87 out of 180
Overall Score:
4,78 out of 10
Rank:
108 out of 141
Overall Score:
50 out of 100
Overall Score:
0,48 out of 1
Rank:
94 out of 142
Overall Score:
103 out of 150
Rank:
35 out of 140
Overall Score:
6,11 out of 10
Rank:
62 out of 119
Overall Score:
46 out of 100
Rank:
63 out of 180
Rank:
62 out of 141
Overall Score:
63 out of 100
Overall Score:
0,63 out of 1
Rank:
40 out of 142
Overall Score:
85 out of 150
Rank:
71 out of 140
Overall Score:
7,09 out of 10
Rank:
42 out of 119
International Cooperation
UN
OECD
OAS
UN
GRECO
Colombia
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2006.
  • The review under the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The country report is available here.
  • The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions was ratified in 2013.
  • The country is undergoing Phase 3 evaluation of the implementation of the Convention. The report is available here.
  • The Inter-American Convention against Corruption was ratified in 1998.
Romania
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2004.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
  • GRECO’s member since 1999.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2002.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2002.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2011.
Main Legislation
Colombia
  1. Criminal Code: Articles 244, 245, 258, 403-407, 409, 411-412, 420, 431-434, 444, 444A
    (Ley 599 de 2000 Código Penal: Artículos 244, 245, 258, 403-407, 409, 411-412, 420, 431-434, 444, 444A), (Spanish);

  2. Law No. 190 of June 6, 1995 «On Ethical Rules for Public Administration and Provisions for Eradicating Corruption»
    (Ley 190 de 1995, Por la cual se dictan normas tendientes a preservar la moralidad en la administración pública y se fijan disposiciones con el fin de erradicar la corrupción administrativa.), (Spanish);

  3. Law No. 734 of February 5, 2002 «On Single Disciplinary Code»
    (Ley 734 de 2002, Por la cual se expide el Código Disciplinario Único), (Spanish);

  4. Law No. 1474 of July 12, 2011 «On Establishing Rules for Strengthening the Mechanisms for Preventing, Detecting and Punishing for Corruption Offences and Enhancing Control over Public Administration»
    (Ley 1474 de 2011 Por la cual se dictan normas orientadas a fortalecer los mecanismos de prevención, investigación y sanción de actos de corrupción y la efectividad del control de la gestión pública), (Spanish);

  5. Law No. 1778 of February 2, 2016 «On the Liability of Legal Persons for Transnational Corruption and Other Anti-Corruption Provisions»
    (Ley 1778 de 2016, Responsabilidad administrativa de las personas jurídicas por soborno de servidores públicos extranjeros en transacciones comerciales internacionales), (Spanish);

  6. Law No. 2013 of December 30, 2019 «On Ensuring Transparency via Publication of Income and Assets Disclosure Statements of Officials and Registration of Conflicts of Interest»
    (Ley 2013 de 2019, Por medio del cual se busca garantizar el cumplimiento de los principios de transparencia y publicidad mediante la publicación de las declaraciones de bienes, renta y el registro de los conflictos de interés), (Spanish);

  7. Law No. 2014 of December 30, 2019 «On Regulating the Penalties against Persons Condemned for Corruption, Crimes against Public Administration and Unilateral Administrative Assignment of Contract Due to Acts of Corruption, and Other Provisions»
    (Ley 2014 de 2019, Por medio de la cual se regulan las sanciones para condenados por corrupción y delitos contra la Administración pública, así como la cesión unilateral administrativa del contrato por actos de corrupción y se dictan otras disposiciones), (Spanish);

  8. Decree No. 1083 of May 26, 2015 «On Public Sector Administration»
    (Decreto 1083 de 2015 Sector de Función Pública), (Spanish);

  9. Circular of the General Prosecutor’s Office No. 017 of 2017 «On Obligations Related to Public Employment»
    (Circular 017 de 2017 Procuraduria General de la Nacion Por Cumplir una Serie de Obligaciones Relacionadas con el Empleo Público), (Spanish).

Romania
  1. Criminal Code: Articles 289-294, 301, 307, 308
    (Privind Codul Penal: Art. 289-294, 301, 307, 308), (Romanian);

  2. Law of October 16, 1996 No. 115 «On Declaration of and Control Over the Assets of Officials, Magistrates and Other Persons Occupying Senior Positions»
    (Lege nr.115 din 16 octombrie 1996 privind declararea şi controlul averii demnitarilor, magistraţilor, funcţionarilor publici şi a unor persoane cu funcţii de conducere), (Romanian);

  3. Law No. 188 of December 8, 1999 «On the Status of Civil Servants»
    (Lege nr.188 din 8 decembrie 1999 privind Statutul funcţionarilor publici), (Romanian);

  4. Law of May 8, 2000 No. 78 «On Prevention, Detection of and Sanctioning for Corruption»
    (Lege nr.78 din 8 mai 2000 pentru prevenirea, descoperirea şi sancţionarea faptelor de corupţie), (Romanian);

  5. Law No. 161 of April 19, 2003 «On Certain Measures for Ensuring Transparency in the Exercise of Public Functions in Business Environment and on the Prevention of and Fight against Corruption»
    (Lege nr.161 din 19 aprilie 2003 privind unele măsuri pentru asigurarea transparenţei în exercitarea demnităţilor publice, a funcţiilor publice şi în mediul de afaceri, prevenirea şi sancţionarea corupţiei), (Romanian);

  6. Law No. 176 of September 1, 2010 «On Integrity in the Exercise of Public Functions, Amendments and Supplements to Law No. 144 of May 21, 2007 Regarding the Establishment and Functioning of the National Integrity Agency, and Amendments and Supplements to other Legal Acts»
    (Lege nr.176 din 1 septembrie 2010 privind integritatea în exercitarea funcţiilor şi demnităţilor publice, pentru modificarea şi completarea Legii nr. 144/2007 privind înfiinţarea, organizarea şi funcţionarea Agenţiei Naţionale de Integritate, precum şi pentru modificarea şi completarea altor acte normative), (Romanian);

  7. Law No. 361 of December 16, 2022 «On the Protection of Whistleblowers in the Public Interest»
    (Lege nr. 361 din 16 decembrie 2022 privind protecția avertizorilor în interes public)(Romanian).

Anti-Corruption Bodies
Colombia
  1. National Public Ethics Commission
    (Comisión Nacional de Moralización), (Spanish);

  2. Administrative Department of the Civil Service
    (Departamento Administrativo de la Función Pública), (Spanish);

  3. Transparency Secretariat
    (Secretaría de Transparencia), (Spanish);

  4. Anti-Corruption Portal of Colombia
    (Portal Anticorrupción de Colombia), (исп.).

 
Romania
  1. National Agency for Integrity
    (Agentia Nationala de Integritate), (Romanian);

  2. National Anti-Corruption Directorate of the Prosecutors' Office
    (Direcția Națională Anticorupție), (Romanian/English);

  3. Anti-Corruption General Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
    (Direcția Generală Anticorupție), (Romanian/English);
  4. National Agency of Civil Servants of the Ministry of Regional Development and Public Administration
    (Agenţia Naţională a Funcţionarilor Publici)(рум./англ.);

  5. National Agency for the Management of Seized Assets of the Ministry of Justice
    (Agenția Națională de Administrare a Bunurilor Indisponibilizate a Ministerul Justiției), (Romanian/English).

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