HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Bulgaria
Panama
Indices
Overall Score:
45 out of 100
Rank:
67 out of 180
Rank:
106 out of 141
Overall Score:
71 out of 100
Overall Score:
0,56 out of 1
Rank:
59 out of 142
Overall Score:
90 out of 150
Rank:
59 out of 140
Overall Score:
7,11 out of 10
Rank:
41 out of 119
Overall Score:
35 out of 100
Rank:
108 out of 180
Overall Score:
5,39 out of 10
Rank:
18 out of 141
Overall Score:
0,51 out of 1
Rank:
74 out of 142
Overall Score:
93 out of 150
Rank:
54 out of 140
International Cooperation
UN
GRECO
OECD
UN
OAS
Bulgaria
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2006.
  • The review under the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The country report is available here.
  • GRECO’s member since 1999.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2001.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2000.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
  • The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions was ratified in 1998.
  • The country is undergoing Phase 4 evaluation of the implementation of the Convention. The report is available here.
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2011.
Panama
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2005.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
  • The Inter-American Convention against Corruption was ratified in 1998.
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2012.
Main Legislation
Bulgaria
  1. Criminal Code: Articles 282, 283, 283a, 301-307a
    (Наказателен кодекс: Чл. 282, 283, 283а, 301-307a), (Bulgarian);

  2. Law on Administrative Offenses and Penalties: Chapter 4 – Administrative penalties against legal entities and sole traders
    (Закон за административните нарушения и наказания: Глава четвърта – Административнонаказателни санкции спрямо юридически лица и еднолични търговци), (Bulgarian);

  3. Law on Civil Servants
    (Закона за държавния служител), (Bulgarian);

  4. Law on Countering Corruption and Forfeiture of Illegally Acquired Assets
    (Закон за противодействие на корупцията и за отнемане на незаконно придобитото имущество), (Bulgarian);

  5. Law on the Protection of Whistleblowers
    (Закон за защита на лицата, подаващи сигнали или публично оповестяващи информация за нарушения), (Bulgarian);

  6. Code of Conduct for Public Officials
    (Кодекс за поведение на служителите в държавната администрация), (Bulgarian).

Panama

1. Criminal Code: Articles 254, 345-354, 364, 365
(Código Penal: Artículos 254, 345-354, 364, 365), (Spanish);

2. Law on the Careers of Civil Servants
(Por la cual se establece y regula la Carrera Administrativa), (Spanish);

3. Law on the Implementation of Article 299 of the Constitution and the Fight against Corruption in Public Authorities
(Que Reglamenta el Artículo 299 de la Constitución Política y Dicta otras Disposiciones contra la Corrupción Administrativa), (Spanish);

4. Law on Regulating Situations of Conflict of Interest in the Public Service
(Que Regula Situaciones de Conflicto de Intereses en la Función Pública), (Spanish);

5. Presidential Decree on a Unified Form for Declaration of Interests and Other Provisions
(Que adopta el Formulario Único de Declaración Jurada de intereses particulares y dicta otras disposiciones), (Spanish);

6. Uniform Code of Ethics for Public Officials
(Código Uniforme De Ética De Los Servidores Públicos), (Spanish);

7. Guidelines on Asset Declarations for Civil Servants
(Guía Básica sobre Declaración Jurada de Estado Patrimonial de Funcionarios Públicos), (Spanish).

Anti-Corruption Bodies
Bulgaria
  1. National Council for Anti-Corruption Policy
    (Национален съвет по антикорупционни политики към министерския), (Bulgarian);
  2. Commission for Combating Corruption and Confiscation of Illegall Property
    (Комисия за противодействие на корупцията и за отнемане на незаконно придобитото имущество), (Bulgarian);
  3. General Directorate for Combating Organized Crime of the Ministries of the Interior
    (Главна дирекция борба с организираната престъпност Министерства на вътрешните работи), (Bulgarian).
Panama

1. Public Prosecutor's Office of Panama
(Ministerio Público de Panamá), (Spanish);

2. National Authority for Transparency and Access to Information
(Autoridad Nacional de Transparencia y Acceso a la Información), (Spanish).

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