РУС
ENG
HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Estonia
Republic of Korea
Indices
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Overall Score:
76 out of 100
Rank:
12 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
125 out of 141
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,82 out of 1
Rank:
9 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
95 out of 150
Rank:
48 out of 140
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
9,03 out of 10
Rank:
5 out of 119
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Overall Score:
63 out of 100
Rank:
32 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
16 out of 141
Open Budget 2023
Overall Score:
71 out of 100
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,74 out of 1
Rank:
19 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
98 out of 150
Rank:
45 out of 140
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
8,10 out of 10
Rank:
15 out of 119
International Cooperation
UN
GRECO
OECD
UN
OECD
G20
APEC
FATF
Estonia
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was accessed in 2006.
  • The review under the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
Group of States against Corruption (GRECO)
  • GRECO’s member since 1999.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2001.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2000.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
  • The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions was ratified in 2004.
  • The country is undergoing Phase 3 evaluation of the implementation of the Convention. The report is available here.
Republic of Korea
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2008.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
  • The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions was ratified in 1999.
  • The country is undergoing Phase 4 evaluation of the implementation of the Convention. The report is available here.
Group of Twenty (G20)
  • G20 Presidency in 2010.
  • The documents adopted under the Presidency of the Republic of Korea are available here.
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
  • APEC’s member since 1989.
Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
  • Member of the FATF since 2009.
  • Evaluation Report on compliance with the FATF recommendations is available here.
International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA)
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2011.
Main Legislation
Estonia

  1. Penal Code: § 294, 296, 298, 2981, 300, 3001, 301, 4023, 4024
    (Karistusseadustik: § 294, 296, 298, 2981, 300, 3001, 301, 4023, 4024), (Estonian/English);

  2. Anti-Corruption Act
    (Korruptsioonivastane seadus), (Estonian/English).

Republic of Korea

  1. Criminal Act: Articles 129-135, 357
    (형법, 조항 129-135, 357), (Korean), (English - amended 2023);

  2. Act on Preventing Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions
    (국제상거래에 있어서 외국공무원에 대한 뇌물방지법), (Korean), (English - amended 2020);

  3. Improper Solicitation and Graft Act
    (부정청탁 및 금품등 수수의 금지에 관한 법률), (Korean), (English - amended 2019);

  4. Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act
    (공익신고자 보호법), (Korean), (English - amended 2017);

  5. Act on the Prevention of Corruption and the Establishment and Management of the Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission
    (부패방지 및 국민권익위원회의 설치와 운영에 관한 법률), (Korean), (English - amended 2021);

  6. Act on the Establishment and Operation of the Corruption Investigation Office for High-Ranking Officials
    (고위공직자범죄수사처 설치 및 운영에 관한 법률), (Korean), (English - no amendments);

  7. Act on the Prevention of Conflict of Interest Related to Duties of Public Servants
    (공직자의 이해충돌 방지법), (Korean), (English);

  8. Public Service Ethics Act
    (공직자윤리법), (Korean), (English - amended 2021);

  9. Code of Conduct for Public Officials
    (공무원 행동강령), (Korean), (English - amended 2018).

Anti-Corruption Bodies
Estonia

  1. Prosecutor’s Office
    (Prokuratuur), (Estonian/Russian/English);

  2. Ministry of Justice
    (Justiitsministeerium), (Estonian/English);

  3. Anti-Corruption Portal of Ministry of Justice
    (Justiitsministeeriumi korruptsioonivastane portaal), (Estonian);

  4. Internal Security Service
    (Kaitsepolitseiamet), (Estonian/English).

Republic of Korea

  1. Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission
    (대한민국 국민권익위원회), (Korean/English);

  2. Corruption Investigation Office for High-Ranking Officials
    (고위공직자범죄수사처), (Korean/English).

We use cookies in order to improve the quality and usability of the HSE website. More information about the use of cookies is available here, and the regulations on processing personal data can be found here. By continuing to use the site, you hereby confirm that you have been informed of the use of cookies by the HSE website and agree with our rules for processing personal data. You may disable cookies in your browser settings.

✖