HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Paraguay
Montenegro
Indices
Overall Score:
28 out of 100
Rank:
136 out of 180
Overall Score:
4,61 out of 10
Rank:
117 out of 141
Overall Score:
48 out of 100
Overall Score:
0,46 out of 1
Rank:
99 out of 142
Overall Score:
60 out of 150
Rank:
121 out of 140
Overall Score:
5,56 out of 10
Rank:
70 out of 119
Overall Score:
46 out of 100
Rank:
63 out of 180
Rank:
119 out of 141
Overall Score:
48 out of 100
Overall Score:
0,56 out of 1
Rank:
57 out of 142
Overall Score:
89 out of 150
Rank:
61 out of 140
International Cooperation
UN
OAS
UN
GRECO
Paraguay
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2005.
  • The review under the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
  • The Inter-American Convention against Corruption was ratified in 1996.
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2018.
Montenegro
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2006.
  • The review under the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
  • GRECO’s member since 2006.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2006.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2008.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation reports from rounds 1-4 is available here.
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2013.
Main Legislation
Paraguay

1. Constitution: Article 104
(Constitución Nacional De La República Del Paraguay: Artículo 104), (Spanish);

2. Criminal Code: Articles 196, 300-304
(Codigo Penal: Artículos 196, 300-304), (Spanish);

3. Law on Civil Service: Articles 57, 60, 64, 68, 69
(Ley No. 1626 De La Funcion Publica: Artículos 57, 60, 64, 68, 69), (Spanish);

4. Law on the Prevention, Criminalisation and Punishment of Unlawful Enrichment in Public Office and Trading in Influence
(Ley № 2523 Previene, Tipifica Y Sanciona El Enriquecimiento Ilicito En La Funcion Publica Y El Trafico De Influencias), (Spanish);

5. Law on Punishable Acts against Public Assets
(Ley 2880 Reprime Hechos Punibles Contra El Patrimonio Del Estado), (Spanish);

6. Law on the Implementation of Article 104 of the Constitution, on the declaration of assets of civil servants
(Ley 5033 Reglamenta El Artículo 104 De La Constitucion Nacional, De La Declaracion Jurada De Bienes Y Rentas, Activos Y Pasivos De Los Funcionarios Publicos), (Spanish);

7. Law on the Prohibition of Nepotism in Public Service
(Ley № 5295 Prohíbe El Nepotismo En La Función Pública), (Spanish);

8. Law on Prevention, Criminalisation and Punishment of Transnational Bribery
(Ley 6430 Que Previene, Tipifica Y Sanciona Los Hechos Punibles De Cohecho Transnacional Y Soborno Transnacional), (Spanish);

9. Law of 26 April 2023 No. 7089 «On the Framework for the Prevention, Management of and Liability for Conflicts of Interest in the Public Service»
(Ley Nº 7089 Establece el Régimen de Prevención, Corrección y Sanción de Conflictos de Intereses en la Función Pública), (Spanish);

10. Law of 5 January 2024 No. 7236 «On the Amending Law of 26 April 2023 No. 7089 "On the Framework for the Prevention, Management of and Liability for Conflicts of Interest in the Public Service" and Repealing Articles 24, 25, 26 and 38»
(Ley Nº 7236 Que Modifica Varios Artículos De La Ley N° 7089/2023 “Que Establece El Régimen De Prevención, Corrección Y Sanción De Conflictos De Intereses En La Función Pública” Y Deroga Los Artículos 24, 25, 26 Y 38), (Spanish);

11. Presidential Decree on the Establishment of the Interagency Network to Promote Transparency and Combat Corruption under the Presidential Administration
(Decreto N° 4937/2016, Por la que se crea la Red Interinstitucional de Transparencia y Anticorrupción (RTA), dependiente de la Presidencia de la República), (Spanish).

Montenegro
  1. Criminal code: Articles 276-276b, 416, 421a-424 
    (Krivicni zakonik: Članci 276-276b, 416, 421a-424)(Montenegrin);
  2. Law on the Liability of Legal Persons for Criminal Offenses
    (Zakon o odgovornosti pravnih lica za krivična djela), (Montenegrin);
  3. Law on Lobbying
    (Zakon o lobiranju)(Montenegrin), (English);
  4. Law on Prevention of Corruption
    (Zakon o sprječavanju korupcije), (Montenegrin), (English);
  5. Law on Confiscation of Property Gains Acquired by Criminal Activity
    (Zakon o oduzimanju imovinske koristi stečene kriminalnom djelatnošću), (Montenegrin);
  6. Law on Civil Servants and Employees: Articles 6, 8, 14, 74-80, 94-96
    (Zakon o državnim službenicima i namještenicima: Članci 6, 8, 14, 74-80, 94-96), (Montenegrin);
  7. Code of Ethics of Civil Servants and State Employees
    (Etički kodeks državnih službenika i namještenika), (Montenegrin).
Anti-Corruption Bodies
Paraguay

1. National Anti-Corruption Secretariat
(Secretaria Nacional Anticorrupción), (Spanish);

2. Interagency Network to Promote Transparency and Combat Corruption
(Red Interinstitucional de Transparencia y Anticorrupción), (no official website);

3. Specialised Unit of the Public Prosecutor's Office for Combating Economic Crime and Corruption
(Unidad Especializada de Delitos Económicos y Anticorrupción), (Spanish).

Montenegro
  1. Agency for Prevention of Corruption 
    (Agencija za sprječavanje korupcije)(Montenegrin/English);
  2. State Prosecutor's Office
    (Državno tužilaštvo), (Montenegrin/English).

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