HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Luxembourg
Panama
Indices
Overall Score:
78 out of 100
Rank:
9 out of 180
Rank:
5 out of 141
Overall Score:
0,83 out of 1
Rank:
6 out of 142
Overall Score:
62 out of 150
Rank:
117 out of 140
Overall Score:
8,08 out of 10
Rank:
16 out of 119
Overall Score:
35 out of 100
Rank:
108 out of 180
Overall Score:
5,39 out of 10
Rank:
18 out of 141
Overall Score:
0,51 out of 1
Rank:
74 out of 142
Overall Score:
93 out of 150
Rank:
54 out of 140
International Cooperation
UN
GRECO
OECD
FATF
UN
OAS
Luxembourg
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2007.
  • The review under the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The country report is available here.
  • GRECO’s member since 1999.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2005.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption is not ratified.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
  • The OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions was ratified in 2001.
  • The country is undergoing Phase 3 evaluation of the implementation of the Convention. The report is available here.
  • Member of the FATF since 1990.
  • Evaluation Report on compliance with the FATF recommendations is available here.
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2012.
Panama
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2005.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
  • The Inter-American Convention against Corruption was ratified in 1998.
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2012.
Main Legislation
Luxembourg
  1. Criminal Code: Articles 245-250, 310 and 310-1
    (Code Pénal, 1985​: Articles 245-250, 310, 310-1), (French);

  2. Law of April 16, 1979 Adopting the Regulations for Civil Servants: Articles 9, 10, 14 and 15
    (Loi du 16 avril 1979 fixant le statut des fonctionnaires de l´Eta: Articles 9, 10, 14, 15), (French);

  3. Law of May 16, 2023 Transposing Directive 2019/1937 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2019 on the Protection of Persons Who Report Breaches of Union Law
    (Loi du 16 mai 2023 portant transposition de la directive (UE) 2019/1937 du Parlement européen et du Conseil du 23 octobre 2019 sur la protection des personnes qui signalent des violations du droit de l’Union.), (French);

  4. Rules of Procedure of the Chamber of Deputies: Annex 1 «Code of Conduct for the Members of Parliament of Luxembourg Regarding Financial Interests and Conflict of Interest»
    (Reglement de la Chambre Des Deputes: Annexe 1 «Code de conduite des députés luxembourgeois en matière d'intérêts financiers et de conflits d'intérêts»), (French).

Panama

1. Criminal Code: Articles 254, 345-354, 364, 365
(Código Penal: Artículos 254, 345-354, 364, 365), (Spanish);

2. Law on the Careers of Civil Servants
(Por la cual se establece y regula la Carrera Administrativa), (Spanish);

3. Law on the Implementation of Article 299 of the Constitution and the Fight against Corruption in Public Authorities
(Que Reglamenta el Artículo 299 de la Constitución Política y Dicta otras Disposiciones contra la Corrupción Administrativa), (Spanish);

4. Law on Regulating Situations of Conflict of Interest in the Public Service
(Que Regula Situaciones de Conflicto de Intereses en la Función Pública), (Spanish);

5. Presidential Decree on a Unified Form for Declaration of Interests and Other Provisions
(Que adopta el Formulario Único de Declaración Jurada de intereses particulares y dicta otras disposiciones), (Spanish);

6. Uniform Code of Ethics for Public Officials
(Código Uniforme De Ética De Los Servidores Públicos), (Spanish);

7. Guidelines on Asset Declarations for Civil Servants
(Guía Básica sobre Declaración Jurada de Estado Patrimonial de Funcionarios Públicos), (Spanish).

Anti-Corruption Bodies
Luxembourg
  1. Grand Ducal Police of Luxembourg
    (Police Grand-Ducale), (French).

Panama

1. Public Prosecutor's Office of Panama
(Ministerio Público de Panamá), (Spanish);

2. National Authority for Transparency and Access to Information
(Autoridad Nacional de Transparencia y Acceso a la Información), (Spanish).

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