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HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Indonesia
Romania
Indices
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Overall Score:
34 out of 100
Rank:
115 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
66 out of 141
Open Budget 2023
Overall Score:
70 out of 100
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,53 out of 1
Rank:
66 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
100 out of 150
Rank:
42 out of 140
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
6,54 out of 10
Rank:
52 out of 119
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Overall Score:
46 out of 100
Rank:
63 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
62 out of 141
Open Budget 2023
Overall Score:
62 out of 100
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,63 out of 1
Rank:
40 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
85 out of 150
Rank:
71 out of 140
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
7,09 out of 10
Rank:
42 out of 119
International Cooperation
UN
G20
APEC
UN
GRECO
Indonesia
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2006.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
Group of Twenty (G20)
  • G20 Presidency in 2022.
  • The documents adopted under Indonesia’s Presidency are available here.
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
  • APEC’s member since 1989.
International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA)
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2013.
Romania
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2004.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
Group of States against Corruption (GRECO)
  • GRECO’s member since 1999.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2002.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2002.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA)
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2011.
Main Legislation
Indonesia
  1. Criminal Code: Articles 209, 210
    (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana: Pasal 209, 210), (Indonesian);
  2. Law of 1980 No. 11 «On Criminal Act of Bribery»
    (Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 1980 Tindak Pidana Suap Hak Keuangan/Administratif Pimpinan dan Anggota Lembaga Tertinggi/Tinggi Negara dan Bekas Anggota Lembaga Tinggi Negara serta Bekas Pimpinan Lembaga Tertinggi/Tinggi Negara dan Bekas Anggota Lembaga Tinggi Negara), (Indonesian);
  3. Law of 1999 No. 28 «On the State Organizer Who is Clean and Free from Corruption, Collusion and Nepotism»
    (Undang-undang Nomor 28 Tahun 1999 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Negara Yang Bersih Dan Bebas Dari Korupsi, Kolusi, Dan Nepotisme), (Indonesian);
  4. Law of 1999 No. 31 «On the Eradication of the Criminal Act of Corruption»
    (Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi), (Indonesian);
  5. Law of 2001 No. 20 «On Amendment to Law of 1999 No. 31 “On the Eradication of the Criminal Act of Corruption”»
    (Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 Tentang Perubahan atas Undang-undang No.31 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi), (Indonesian);
  6. Law of 2002 No. 30 «On the Commission for the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Corruption»
    (Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2002 Tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi), (Indonesian);
  7. Law of 2008 No. 14 «The Public Interest Disclosure Act»
    (Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2008 Tentang Keterbukaan Informasi Publik), (Indonesian);
  8. Law of 2009 No. 46 «On the Corruption Tribunal»
    (Undang-Undang Nomor 46 Tahun 2009 Tentang Pengadilan Tindak Pidana Korupsi), (Indonesian);
  9. Law No. 30 of 2014 «On Public Administration»
    (Undang-Undang Nomor 46 Tahun 2009 Tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan), (Indonesian);
  10. Law of 2019 No. 19 «On Amendment to Law of 2002 No. 30 "On the Commission for the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Corruption"»
    (Undang-undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2019 Perubahan Kedua atas Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2002 tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi), (Indonesian).
Romania

  1. Criminal Code: Articles 289-294, 301, 307, 308
    (Privind Codul Penal: Art. 289-294, 301, 307, 308), (Romanian);

  2. Law of October 16, 1996 No. 115 «On Declaration of and Control Over the Assets of Officials, Magistrates and Other Persons Occupying Senior Positions»
    (Lege nr.115 din 16 octombrie 1996 privind declararea şi controlul averii demnitarilor, magistraţilor, funcţionarilor publici şi a unor persoane cu funcţii de conducere), (Romanian);

  3. Law No. 188 of December 8, 1999 «On the Status of Civil Servants»
    (Lege nr.188 din 8 decembrie 1999 privind Statutul funcţionarilor publici), (Romanian);

  4. Law of May 8, 2000 No. 78 «On Prevention, Detection of and Sanctioning for Corruption»
    (Lege nr.78 din 8 mai 2000 pentru prevenirea, descoperirea şi sancţionarea faptelor de corupţie), (Romanian);

  5. Law No. 161 of April 19, 2003 «On Certain Measures for Ensuring Transparency in the Exercise of Public Functions in Business Environment and on the Prevention of and Fight against Corruption»
    (Lege nr.161 din 19 aprilie 2003 privind unele măsuri pentru asigurarea transparenţei în exercitarea demnităţilor publice, a funcţiilor publice şi în mediul de afaceri, prevenirea şi sancţionarea corupţiei), (Romanian);

  6. Law No. 176 of September 1, 2010 «On Integrity in the Exercise of Public Functions, Amendments and Supplements to Law No. 144 of May 21, 2007 Regarding the Establishment and Functioning of the National Integrity Agency, and Amendments and Supplements to other Legal Acts»
    (Lege nr.176 din 1 septembrie 2010 privind integritatea în exercitarea funcţiilor şi demnităţilor publice, pentru modificarea şi completarea Legii nr. 144/2007 privind înfiinţarea, organizarea şi funcţionarea Agenţiei Naţionale de Integritate, precum şi pentru modificarea şi completarea altor acte normative), (Romanian);

  7. Law No. 361 of December 16, 2022 «On the Protection of Whistleblowers in the Public Interest»
    (Lege nr. 361 din 16 decembrie 2022 privind protecția avertizorilor în interes public), (Romanian).

Anti-Corruption Bodies
Indonesia

  1. Commission for the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Corruption
    (Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi), (Indonesian);

  2. Prosecutor's Office of the Republic of Indonesia
    (Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia), (Indonesian);

  3. Corruption Crime Court
    (Pengadilan Tindak Pidana Korupsi), (no official website).

Romania

  1. National Agency for Integrity
    (Agentia Nationala de Integritate), (Romanian);

  2. National Anti-Corruption Directorate of the Prosecutors' Office
    (Direcția Națională Anticorupție), (Romanian/English);

  3. Anti-Corruption General Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
    (Direcția Generală Anticorupție), (Romanian/English);

  4. National Agency of Civil Servants of the Ministry of Regional Development and Public Administration
    (Agenţia Naţională a Funcţionarilor Publici), (рум./англ.);

  5. National Agency for the Management of Seized Assets of the Ministry of Justice
    (Agenția Națională de Administrare a Bunurilor Indisponibilizate a Ministerul Justiției), (Romanian/English).

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