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HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Ecuador
Malta
Indices
Capacity to Combat Corruption Index 2023
Score:
4,68 out of 10
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Score:
34 out of 100
Rank:
115 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
116 out of 141
Open Budget 2023
Overall Score:
48 out of 100
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,47 out of 1
Rank:
96 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
78 out of 150
Rank:
82 out of 140
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
6,33 out of 10
Rank:
58 out of 119
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2023
Overall Score:
51 out of 100
Rank:
55 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
38 out of 141
The Rule of Law Index 2023
Overall Score:
0,68 out of 1
Rank:
30 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
78 out of 150
Rank:
83 out of 140
Index of Public Integrity
Overall Score:
7,26 out of 10
Rank:
38 out of 119
International Cooperation
UN
OAS
UN
GRECO
Ecuador
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2005.
  • The review under the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
Organization of American States (OAS)
  • The Inter-American Convention against Corruption was ratified in 1997.
Malta
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2008.
  • The review under the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The country report is available here.
Group of States against Corruption (GRECO)
  • GRECO’s member since 2001.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2003.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2004.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
Main Legislation
Ecuador
  1. Criminal Code: Article 49 – Liability of Legal Persons, Articles 278-281, 285, 286, 289, 294.1, 297, 320.1
    (Código Orgánico Integral Penal: Artículo 49 –  Responsabilidad de las personas jurídicas, Artículos 278-281, 285, 286, 289, 294.1, 297, 320.1), (Spanish);
  2. Organic Law No. 294 of October 6, 2010 «On Public Service»
    (Ley con número de registro 294 del 6 de Octubre de 2010 «Ley orgánica del servicio público»), (Spanish).
Malta

  1. Criminal Code: Articles 115-121A, 121C, 121D, 124-126, (Maltese/English);

  2. Permanent Commission Against Corruption Act 1988, (Maltese/English);

  3. Public Administration Act 2019, along with Code of Ethics, (Maltese/English);

  4. Protection of the Whistleblower Act 2013, (Maltese/English);

  5. Code of Principles of Good Corporate Governance for Listed Entities, (English).

 
Anti-Corruption Bodies
Ecuador
  1. Council of Citizen Participation and Social Control
    (Consejo de Participación Ciudadana y Control Social), (Spanish).
Malta

  1. Permanent Commission against Corruption of Malta, (Maltese/English).

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