HSE University Anti-Corruption Portal
Comparison of countries
Panama
Bolivia
Indices
Overall Score:
35 out of 100
Rank:
108 out of 180
Overall Score:
5,39 out of 10
Rank:
18 out of 141
Overall Score:
0,51 out of 1
Rank:
74 out of 142
Overall Score:
93 out of 150
Rank:
54 out of 140
Overall Score:
29 out of 100
Rank:
133 out of 180
Overall Score:
2,56 out of 10
Rank:
109 out of 141
Overall Score:
11 out of 100
Overall Score:
0,37 out of 1
Rank:
131 out of 142
Overall Score:
70 out of 150
Rank:
105 out of 140
Overall Score:
4,52 out of 10
Rank:
92 out of 119
International Cooperation
UN
OAS
UN
OAS
Panama
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2005.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
  • The Inter-American Convention against Corruption was ratified in 1998.
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2012.
Bolivia
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2005.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
  • The Inter-American Convention against Corruption was ratified in 1997.
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2012.
Main Legislation
Panama

1. Criminal Code: Articles 254, 345-354, 364, 365
(Código Penal: Artículos 254, 345-354, 364, 365), (Spanish);

2. Law on the Careers of Civil Servants
(Por la cual se establece y regula la Carrera Administrativa), (Spanish);

3. Law on the Implementation of Article 299 of the Constitution and the Fight against Corruption in Public Authorities
(Que Reglamenta el Artículo 299 de la Constitución Política y Dicta otras Disposiciones contra la Corrupción Administrativa), (Spanish);

4. Law on Regulating Situations of Conflict of Interest in the Public Service
(Que Regula Situaciones de Conflicto de Intereses en la Función Pública), (Spanish);

5. Presidential Decree on a Unified Form for Declaration of Interests and Other Provisions
(Que adopta el Formulario Único de Declaración Jurada de intereses particulares y dicta otras disposiciones), (Spanish);

6. Uniform Code of Ethics for Public Officials
(Código Uniforme De Ética De Los Servidores Públicos), (Spanish);

7. Guidelines on Asset Declarations for Civil Servants
(Guía Básica sobre Declaración Jurada de Estado Patrimonial de Funcionarios Públicos), (Spanish).

Bolivia

1. Criminal Code: Articles 145-148, 149-152, 158, 170, 172bis, 173bis, 185bis
(Codigo Penal: Artículos 145-148, 149-152, 158, 170, 172bis, 173bis, 185bis), (Spanish);

2. Law on Government Administration and Control
(Ley No 1178, de Administración y Control Gubernamentales), (Spanish);

3. Law on Civil Servants: Articles 8-15, 53-55
(Estatuto Del Funcionario Público: Artículos 8-15, 53-55), (Spanish);

4. Law on the Fight against Corruption, Illicit Enrichment and Criminal Investigation
(Ley de Lucha Contra la Corrupción, Enriquecimiento Ilícito e Investigación de Fortunas), (Spanish);

5. Law on the Protection of Whistleblowers and Witnesses
(Ley de Protección de Denunciantes y Testigos), (Spanish);

6. Law on Transparency and Anti-Corruption Units
(Ley de Unidades de Transparencia y Lucha Contra la Corrupción), (Spanish);

7. Law on Reinforcing the Fight against Corruption
(Ley de Fortalecimiento Para la Lucha Contra la Corrupción), (Spanish);

8. Presidential Decree on the Control of Asset Declarations in Public Entities
(Decreto Supremo No. 1233 Reglamento de Control de la Declaración Jurada de Bienes y Rentas en las Entidades Públicas), (Spanish).

Anti-Corruption Bodies
Panama

1. Public Prosecutor's Office of Panama
(Ministerio Público de Panamá), (Spanish);

2. National Authority for Transparency and Access to Information
(Autoridad Nacional de Transparencia y Acceso a la Información), (Spanish).

Bolivia

1. Ministry of Justice and Institutional Transparency
(Ministerio de Justicia y Transparencia Institucional), (Spanish);

2. State Prosecutor's Office
(Fiscalía General del Estado), (Spanish);

3. General Comptroller
(Contraloría General del Estado Bolivia), (Spanish);

4. National Council for the Fight against Corruption, Illicit Enrichment and the Laundering of Illicit Gains
(Consejo Nacional de Lucha Contra la Corrupción, Enriquecimiento Ilícito y Legitimación de Ganancias Ilícitas), (Spanish).

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